Fruticose Lichens |
Fruticose lichens are characterized by their erect stalks which have no distinguishable upper and lower surfaces. They are typically highly branched and shrubby (these are the types often used for "shrubbery" in model train displays). |
Oakmoss Lichens |
Highly branched, pale yellowish green lichen found perched on trees or, infrequently, on the ground. |
Evernia mesomorpha Shrubby tufts of thick branches, frequently divided. Coarse soredia can be found on the branches (see details). Four to eight centimeters long. |
Location: Summer Hill. Details: On hardwood branch
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Antler Lichens |
Highly branched, pale gray lichen with flattened branches having distinguishable upper and lower surfaces. |
Pseudoevernia consocians Pale gray lobes 1-1.5 mm at the tips. Lower surface is pale at the lobe tips, darkening to black at the center. |
A close European relative, P. furfuracea, is collected for it's fragrance and fixative properties for the perfume industry. Location: German. Details: On conifer branch
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Beard Lichens |
A yellow-green, filamentous, lichen who gets its color and name from having usnic acid. Identifiable to genus by the presence of a central, cartilagenous cord in its branches. This lichen is often difficult to identify to species in the field. |
Usnea hirta "Branches ridged, at least partly angular in cross section; isidea present, not arising from soralia; cortex thin and fragile." [Brodo, 2001] |
Cladonia |
A huge genera, well known for its showy podetia. The podetia, tall stalks, are actually vertical extensions of the apothecial bodies. In some Cladonia species the tips of the podetia flare open into cups while in others the fruiting body develops into large brown or bright-red spheres. |
Cladonia cristatella |
Cladonia cornuta |
Cladonia coniocraea Podetia growing upward from the center of rather large squamules. |
Cladonia pyxidata Goblet-shaped podetia. Brown apothecia on cup margins. Primary squamules tongue-shaped. |
Location: German Details: Abundant, thick, squamules, Another View.
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Cladonia fimbriata |
Location: McGraw Details: Closeup of trumpet bowl interior, Side of trumpet bowl.
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Cladonia cariosa |
Location: South Cortland Details: Closeup of podetia, Another specimen.
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Cladonia cervicornis ssp. verticillata |
Location: Ithaca Details: Side view of podetia.
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Cladonia macilenta |
Location: Dryden Details: Primary squamules, On rock with scale.
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